GMP ITALIA Alloy Wheels BERGHEM 21 5x112 TUV

The model:determines the appearance of the rim. By entering the model in the LadneFelgi.pl store search engine, you can search for rims in different colors and with other parameters.

Rim size: refers to the diameter of the rim given in inches (1 inch = 2.54 cm). The possible sizes are predetermined by the vehicle manufacturer. Using rims smaller than those specified by the manufacturer is not allowed.

Rim width: is measured between the rim flanges. The dimension is in inches. When choosing tires, take into account the width of the rim and the car manufacturer's recommendations.

ET, offset: is not a strictly defined parameter, such as spacing. It depends on the width of the rim. ET is given in mm. The smaller the offset, the more the rim is, which increases the wheelbase, positively influencing the car's stability. The service book or ASO provides only the parameters of the currently installed rims.

Center bore: it is the dimension of the rim center hole diameter given in mm. If the car has a smaller hub diameter, centering rings are used. The ring is used to center the rim in relation to the car's hub. After screwing it, no force acts on it. It is a safe solution used by all rim manufacturers.

Color: determines the colors in which the offered item was made. Pictures are taken under natural lighting.

Certificates: confirm the compliance of the wheels with applicable quality and safety standards based on durability and quality tests. Some certificates, such as TÜV, additionally confirm that the wheels meet specific technical requirements related to compatibility with a particular vehicle model.

Aluminum wheel manufacturing technology: affects their strength, weight, and aesthetics. There are three main production methods:

• Gravity casting – the most popular method, in which molten aluminum alloy is poured into a mold. It provides good quality and an affordable price, but the wheels are slightly heavier than those made with other technologies.

• Low-pressure casting – an improved version of gravity casting, where the alloy is forced into the mold under pressure. This makes the wheels lighter and more durable.

• Flow Forming – a technology combining casting with rolling, which increases strength and reduces weight, bringing the wheel’s parameters closer to forged models.

• Forging – the most advanced technique, in which the wheel is formed under enormous pressure. Forged wheels are extremely light and strong but also the most expensive.

Load capacity: defines the maximum load in kilograms per single vehicle wheel. This parameter is directly related to the vehicle’s GVW (Gross Vehicle Weight), as the minimum load capacity of one rim should be at least one quarter of the vehicle’s GVW.

4 identical: the set consists of 4 identical rims, suitable for installation on all wheels of the vehicle.

Mixed: the set includes 2 rims intended for the front axle and 2 for the rear, taking into account possible differences in ET parameters or rim width.

The working shape of the screw head, must correspond to the shape of the mounting hole made in the rim. We distinguish between spherical( spherical), conical or flat sockets for flat rim holes. The standard is a cone with an angle of 60 degrees

Net weight of the product, without packaging.

Product presentation on YouTube: copy the link and paste it into your browser's address bar to watch the 360° wheel video.